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FOTO ATLAS
SYSTEMATIK


MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE

           based on E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001),
           revised by Thomas Witzke (2022)



9. SILICATES
(Silicates, Germanates)


9.D: Inosilicates


9.DA. Inosilicates with 1-periodic single chains, SiO3
 
9.DA.05. Poirierite
 
Poirierite Mg2SiO4 orth., Pmma IMA 2018-026b

Poirierite, polymorphous with Forsterite, Ringwoodite and Wadsleyite, is a spinelloid-structure and contains 1-periodic single chains of silicate tetrahedra. The structural formula can be written as Mg2O(SiO3).



 
 
9.DB. Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6: pyroxene family
 
9.DB.05. Orthopyroxene group
 
Enstatite Mg2Si2O6 orth., Pbca FOTO A
Ferrosilite Fe2+2Si2O6 orth., Pbca FOTO Rn
Donpeacorite (Mn,Mg)MgSi2O6 orth., Pbca A
Protoenstatite Mg2Si2O6 orth., Pbcn IMA 2016-117


 
9.DB.10. Clinopyroxene group
 
Clinoenstatite Mg2Si2O6 mon., P21/c A
Clinoferrosilite Fe2+2Si2O6 mon., P21/c A
Kanoite MnMgSi2O6 mon., P21/c A
Ryabchikovite CuMgSi2O6 mon., P21/c IMA 2021-011
Pigeonite (Mg,Fe,Ca)2Si2O6 mon., P21/c FOTO A
Augite (Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6 mon., C2/c A
Diopside CaMgSi2O6 mon., C2/c A
Hedenbergite CaFe2+Si2O6 mon., C2/c A
Johannsenite CaMn2+Si2O6 mon., C2/c A
Petedunnite CaZnSi2O6 mon., C2/c A
Tissintite (Ca,Na,)AlSi2O6 mon., C2/c IMA 2013-027
Kushiroite CaAlAlSiO6 mon., C2/c IMA 2008-059
Esseneite CaFe3+AlSiO6 mon., C2/c A
Davisite CaScAlSiO6 mon., C2/c IMA 2008-030
Grossmanite CaTi3+AlSiO6 mon., C2/c IMA 2008-042a
Burnettite CaVAlSiO6 mon., C2/c IMA 2013-054
Aegirine-augite (Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6 mon., C2/c Rd
Omphacite (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)Si2O6 mon., C2/c, P2/n FOTO A
Aegirine NaFe3+Si2O6 mon., C2/c A
Jadeite NaAlSi2O6 mon., C2/c A
Jervisite NaScSi2O6 mon., C2/c IMA 1980-012
Colomeraite NaTi3+Si2O6 mon., C2/c IMA 2021-061
Natalyite NaV3+Si2O6 mon., C2/c IMA 1984-053
Kosmochlor NaCrSi2O6 mon., C2/c A
Namansilite NaMn3+Si2O6 mon., C2/c IMA 1989-026
Spodumene LiAlSi2O6 mon., C2/c FOTO A



 
 
9.DC. Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6: pyroxene-related
 
9.DC.05. Carpholite group
 
Magnesiocarpholite Mg2Al4(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca IMA 1978-027
Carpholite Mn2+2Al4(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca G
Ferrocarpholite Fe2+2Al4(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca G
Vanadiocarpholite Mn2+2V3+2Al2(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca IMA 2003-055
Potassiccarpholite K(Mn2+,Li)2Al4(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca IMA 2002-064
Balipholite Ba(AlLi)Al2Mg2(Si2O6)2(OH)8 orth., Ccca A (?)

General Formula A0-1M12M22M32(Si2O6)2(OH,F)8. Pyroxene-like single silicate chains parallel to the c axis.


 
9.DC.10. Lorenzenite
 
Lorenzenite Na2Ti2O3(Si2O6) orth., Pbcn G


 
9.DC.15. Lintisite group
 
Lintisite Na3LiTi2O2(SiO3)4·2H2O mon., C2/c IMA 1989-025
Eliseevite Na1.5LiTi2O2[Si4O10.5(OH)1.5]·2H2O mon., C2/c IMA 2010-031
Punkaruaivite LiTi2(OH)2[Si4O11(OH)]·H2O mon., C2/c FOTO IMA 2008-018


 
9.DC.20. Kukisvumite group
 
Kukisvumite Na6ZnTi4O4(SiO3)8·4H2O orth., Pccn IMA 1989-052
Manganokukisvumite Na6MnTi4O4(SiO3)8·4H2O orth., Pccn IMA 2002-029


 
9.DC.25. Vinogradovite group
 
Vinogradovite Na4Ti4(Si2O6)2[(Si,Al)4O10]O4·(H2O,Na,K)3 mon., C2/c G
Paravinogradovite (Na,)2(Ti4+,Fe3+)4(Si2O6)2(Si3AlO10)(OH)4·H2O tric., P1 IMA 2002-033


 
9.DC.30. Nchwaningite
 
Nchwaningite Mn2SiO3(OH)2·H2O mon., C2/c IMA 1994-002


 
9.DC.35. Shattuckite
 
Shattuckite Cu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2 orth., Pcab Rd


 
9.DC.40. Capranicaite
 
Capranicaite KCaNaAl4B4O12(Si2O6) mon., P21/n IMA 2009-086

Capranicaite contains 2-periodic [Si2O6]4-n single chains (Zweier-Einfach chains) parallel to the a axis. Contrary to pyroxenes, the SiO4-tetrahedra are rotated and the two apical oxygens did not point towards the same direction.


 
9.DC.45. Aerinite
 
Aerinite (Ca,Na)6(Fe3+,Al,Fe2+,Mg)4(Al,Mg)6[Si12O36(OH)12H][(CO3)(H2O)12]
trig., P3c1 FOTO Rd



 
 
9.DD. Inosilicates with branched 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6 + 2SiO3
 
9.DD.05. Astrophyllite group [Astrophyllite supergroup]
 
Nalivkinite Li2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F(H2O)2 tric., P1 IMA 2006-038
Astrophyllite K2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F tric., P1 G
Tarbagataite (K)CaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)5 tric., P1 IMA 2010-048
Bulgakite Li2(Ca,Na)Fe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4(O,F)(H2O)2 tric., P1 IMA 2014-041
Zircophyllite K2NaFe2+7Zr2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F tric., P1 IMA 1971-047, Rd
Niobophyllite K2NaFe2+7(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4(O,F) tric., P1 or P1 IMA 1964-001


 
9.DD.10. Kupletskite group [Astrophyllite supergroup]
 
Heyerdahlite Na2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F(H2O)2 tric., P1 IMA 2016-108
Kupletskite K2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F tric., P1 G
Kupletskite-(Cs) Cs2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F tric., P1 or P1 IMA 1970-009, Rn
Laverovite K2NaMn2+7Zr2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F tric., P1 IMA 2017-009b
Niobokupletskite K2NaMn2+7(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4(O,F) tric., P1 IMA 1999-032


 
9.DD.15. Devitoite group [Astrophyllite supergroup]
 
Devitoite Ba6Fe2+7Fe3+2(Si4O12)2(PO4)2(CO3)O2(OH)4 tric., P1 IMA 2009-010
Lobanovite K2Na(Fe2+4Mg2Na)Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4 mon., C2/m IMA 2015-B
Sveinbergeite (H2O)2Ca(H2O)(Fe2+6Fe3+)Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4(OH)(H2O)
tric., P1 IMA 2010-027

Lobanovite, formerly known under the non-approved name Magnesioastrophyllite, redefined with IMA approval.



 
 
9.DE. Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11: Amphiboles
 
9.DE.05. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Mg-Fe-Mn Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     05 b. Anthophyllite root name
Anthophyllite Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma FOTO Rd
Ferro-anthophyllite Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma Rd
Proto-anthophyllite Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnmn Rd
Proto-ferro-anthophyllite Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnmn Rd
 
     05 b. Suenoite root name
Suenoite Mn2+2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma IMA 2019-075
Proto-ferro-suenoite Mn2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnmn Rd
 
     05 c. Gedrite root name
Gedrite Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma Rd
Ferro-gedrite Fe2+2(Fe2+3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma Rd
 
     05 d. Papikeite root name
Ferro-papikeite NaFe2+2(Fe2+3Al2)(Si5Al3)O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma IMA 2020-021
 
     05 e. Cummingtonite / Grunerite root name
Cummingtonite Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Grunerite Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     05 f. Clino-suenoite root name
Clino-suenoite Mn2+2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd


 
9.DE.10. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Lithium Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     10 a. Holmquistite root name
Holmquistite Li2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2 orth. Rd
Ferro-holmquistite Li2(Fe2+3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2 orth. Rd
Ferro-ferri-holmquistite Li2(Fe2+3Fe3+32)Si8O22(OH)2 orth., Pnma IMA 2022-020
 
     10 b. Clino-holmquistite root name
Clino-ferri-holmquistite Li2(Mg3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. A
Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite Li2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     10 c. Pedrizite root name
Ferri-pedrizite NaLi2(Mg2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-ferri-pedrizite NaLi2(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-pedrizite NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2014-037
Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-pedrizite NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd


 
9.DE.15. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Sodium (Mg-Fe-Mn) Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     15 a. Ghoseite root name
Ferri-ghoseite (NaMn2+)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     15 b. Hjalmarite root name
Hjalmarite Na(NaMn2+)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2017-070


 
9.DE.20. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Sodium Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     20 a. Glaucophane root name
Glaucophane Na2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-glaucophane Na2(Fe2+3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     20 b. Riebeckite root name
Magnesio-riebeckite Na2(Mg3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Riebeckite Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-riebeckite Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
 
     20 c. Eckermannite root name
Eckermannite NaNa2(Mg4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2013-136
 
     20 d. Arfvedsonite root name
Magnesio-arfvedsonite NaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite NaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Arfvedsonite NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2021-101a
Fluoro-arfvedsonite NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22F2 mon., C2/m Rd
Mangano-ferri-eckermannite NaNa2(Mn2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
KNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2016-083
Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite
KNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Potassic-arfvedsonite KNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     20 e. Nybøite root name
Nybøite NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-nybøite NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(Si7Al)O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-ferri-nybøite NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2013-072
 
     20 f. Leakeite root name
Fluoro-leakeite NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferri-leakeite NaNa2(Mg2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa2(Mg2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa2(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Potassic-ferri-leakeite KNa2(Mg2Fe3+2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-mangani-leakeite KNa2(Mg2Mn3+2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd


 
9.DE.25. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Sodium Calcium Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     25 a. Winchite root name
Winchite (NaCa)(Mg4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferri-winchite (NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Scandio-winchite (NaCa)(Mg4Sc)Si8O22(OH)2 mon., C2/m IMA 2022-009
 
     25 b. Barroisite root name
Barroisite (NaCa)(Mg3Al2)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     25 c. Richterite root name
Richterite Na(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-richterite Na(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-richterite Na(NaCa)Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-richterite K(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-fluoro-richterite K(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22F2 mon. Rd
 
     25 d. Katophorite root name
Katophorite Na(NaCa)(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2013-140
Ferro-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferri-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferri-fluoro-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-ferri-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2016-008
 
     25 e. Taramite root name
Taramite Na(NaCa)(Mg3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-taramite Na(NaCa)(Mg3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-taramite Na(NaCa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferri-taramite Na(NaCa)(Mg3Fe2+2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon., C2/m IMA 2021-046
Potassic-ferro-taramite K(NaCa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite K(NaCa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd


 
9.DE.30. W(OH,F,Cl) dominant Amphibole Group, Calcium Amphibole subgroup [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     30 a. Tremolite / Actinolite root name
Tremolite Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. FOTO Rd
Actinolite Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-actinolite Ca2(Mg2.5-0.0Fe2+2.5-5.0)Si8O22(OH)2 mon. FOTO Rd
Fluoro-tremolite Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 mon. IMA 2016-018
 
     30 b. Hornblende root name
Magnesio-hornblende Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2017-059
Ferro-hornblende Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Magnesio-ferri-hornblende Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon., C2/m IMA 2021-100
Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende
Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22F2 mon. IMA 2014-091
Ferro-ferri-hornblende Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2015-054
 
     30 c. Tschermakite root name
Tschermakite Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-tschermakite Ca2(Fe2+3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2016-116
 
     30 d. Edenite root name
Edenite NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-edenite NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 mon. Rd
Ferro-edenite NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Ferro-fluoro-edenite NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22F2 mon., C2/m IMA 2020-058
 
     30 e. Pargasite root name
Pargasite NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Fluoro-pargasite NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 mon. Rd
Potassic-pargasite KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-fluoro-pargasite KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 mon. Rd
Potassic-chloro-pargasite KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 mon. Rd
Ferro-pargasite NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-ferro-pargasite KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Mangani-pargasite NaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon., C2/m IMA 2018-151
Vanadio-pargasite NaCa2(Mg4V)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. IMA 2017-019
Chromio-pargasite NaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     30 f. Hastingsite root name
Magnesio-hastingsite NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 mon. Rd
Hastingsite NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite KCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-hastingsite KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 mon., C2/m IMA 2018-160
Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 mon. Rd
Potassic-chloro-hastingsite KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 mon. Rd
 
     30 g. Sadanagaite root name
Sadanagaite NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-sadanagaite KCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite KCa2(Fe2+3Al2)(Si5Al3)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite
KCa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Si5Al3)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd
 
     30 h. Cannilloite root name
Fluoro-cannilloite CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3)O22F2 mon. Rd
 
     30 i. Joesmithite
Joesmithite PbCa2(Mg3Fe3+2)(Si6Be2)O22(OH)2 mon. Rd


 
9.DE.35. W(O) dominant Amphibole Group [Amphibole supergroup]
 
     35 a. Obertiite root name
Mangani-obertiite NaNa2(Mg3Mn3+Ti)Si8O22O2 mon. Rd
Ferri-obertiite NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 mon. IMA 2015-079
Ferro-ferri-obertiite NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 mon. Rd
 
     35 b. Ungarettiite root name
Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite
NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)Si8O22O2 mon. Rd
 
     35 c. Dellaventuraite root name
Mangani-dellaventuraite NaNa2(MgMn3+2TiLi)Si8O22O2 mon. Rd
 
     35 e. Leakeite root name
Oxo-mangani-leakeite NaNa2(Mn3+4Li)Si8O22O2 mon. IMA 2015-035
 
     35 f. Jeanlouisite root name
Potassic-jeanlouisite K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2 mon. IMA 2018-050
 
     35 g. Kaersutite root name
Kaersutite NaCa2(Mg3AlTi)(Si6Al2)O22O2 mon. Rd
Ferri-kaersutite NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2)O22O2 mon. IMA 2014-051
 
     35 h. Hastingsite root name
Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite NaCa2(Mg2Fe3+3)(Si6Al2)O22O2 mon. Rd



 
 
9.DF. Inosilicates with 2-periodic multiple chains
 
9.DF.05. Plancheite group
 
Plancheite Cu8(Si4O11)2(OH)4·H2O orth., Pcnb Rd
Lavinskyite K(LiCu)Cu6(Si4O11)2(OH)4 orth., Pcnb IMA 2012-028

Plancheite and Lavinskyite are isotypic and contain amphibole-like 2-periodic double-chains parallel to the c axis.


 
9.DF.10. Ershovite group
 
Ershovite Na4K3(Fe2+,Mn,Ti)2(Si4O10OH)2(OH)2(H2O)4 tric., P1 IMA 1991-014
Paraershovite Na3K3Fe3+2(Si4O10OH)2(OH)2(H2O)4 tric., P1 IMA 2009-025

Ershovite and Paraershovite are isotypic and contain 2-periodic double-chains parallel to the c axis.


 
9.DF.15. Magbasite
 
Magbasite KBaFe3+Mg7Si8O22(OH)2F6 orth., Cmma A

Magbasite contains amphibole-like 2-periodic double chains and is structurally related to carpholite.


 
9.DF.20. Bigcreekite
 
Bigcreekite BaSi2O5·4H2O orth., Pnma IMA 1999-015

Bigcreekite contains 2-periodic double-chains parallel to the a axis.


 
9.DF.25. Chesterite
 
Chesterite Mg17Si20O54(OH)6 orth., A21ma IMA 1977-010

Chesterite contains 2-periodic double- and triple-chains parallel to the c axis.


 
9.DF.30. Jimthompsonite
 
Jimthompsonite Mg5Si6O16(OH)2 orth., Pbca IMA 1977-011

Jimthompsonite and Clinojimthompsonite contain 2-periodic triple-chains.


 
9.DF.35. Clinojimthompsonite
 
Clinojimthompsonite Mg5Si6O16(OH)2 mon., C2/c IMA 1977-012


 
9.DF.40. Veblenite
 
Veblenite KNa(Fe2+5Fe3+4Mn7)Nb4(Si2O7)2(Si8O22)2O6(OH)10(H2O)3 tric., P-1 IMA 2010-050

Veblenite contains branched 2-periodic triple-chains (Si8O22) and (Si2O7) groups.



 
 
9.DG. Inosilicates with 3-periodic single chains
 
9.DG.05. Wollastonite group
 
Wollastonite CaSiO3 tric., P1 A
Bustamite CaMn2+Si2O6 tric., P1 G
Ferrobustamite CaFe2+Si2O6 tric., P1 G
Mendigite Mn2Mn2MnCa(Si3O9)2 tric., P1 IMA 2014-007
Dalnegorskite Ca5Mn(Si3O9)2 tric., P1 IMA 2018-007
Cascandite CaScSi3O8(OH) tric., P1 IMA 1980-011
Tanohataite LiMn2+2Si3O8(OH) tric., P1 IMA 2009-017
Murakamiite LiCa2Si3O8(OH) tric., P1 IMA 2016-066
Serandite NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) tric., P1 Rn
Schizolite NaCaMnSi3O8(OH) tric., P1 G, Rn
Pectolite NaCa2Si3O8(OH) tric., P1 G
Barrydawsonite-(Y) Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH) mon., P21/a IMA 2014-042
Vistepite Mn4SnB2Si4O16(OH)2 tric., P1 IMA 1991-012

Wollastonite group minerals contain 3-periodic single-chains (Dreier-Einfach chains) [Si3O9]6-n.
Wollastonite polytypes: Wollastonite-1A (tric., P1), Wollastonite-2M (mon., P21/a), Wollastonite-3A (tric., P1).
Schizolite: originally incompletely characterized, later described as Marshallsussmannite with IMA approval, name reverted to Schizolite in 2018.


 
9.DG.10. Tobermorite group [Tobermorite supergroup]
 
Tobermorite Ca4Si6O17(H2O)2·(Ca·3H2O) orth. Rd
Kenotobermorite Ca4Si6O15(OH)2(H2O)2·3H2O mon. A

Tobermorite supergroup minerals contain 3-periodic single-chains (Dreier-Einfach chains).
Kenotobermorite polytypes: Kenotobermorite-2M (mon.), Kenotobermorite-4O (orth.).


 
9.DG.15. Clinotobermorite [Tobermorite supergroup]
 
Clinotobermorite Ca4Si6O17(H2O)2·(Ca·3H2O) mon. Rd


 
9.DG.20. Paratobermorite [Tobermorite supergroup]
 
Paratobermorite Ca4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2·(Ca·3H2O) mon., C1121/m IMA 2020-100


 
9.DG.25. Plombièrite [Tobermorite supergroup]
 
Plombièrite Ca4Si6O17(OH)2(H2O)2·(Ca·5H2O) mon. Rd

Plombièrite polytypes: Plombièrite-2M (mon.), Plombièrite-4O (orth.).


 
9.DG.30. Riversideite [Tobermorite supergroup]
 
Riversideite Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·2H2O orth. Q


 
9.DG.35. Whelanite
 
Whelanite Cu2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3·2H2O orth., Pn2n IMA 1977-006


 
9.DG.40. Hillebrandite
 
Hillebrandite Ca2SiO3(OH)2 orth., Cmc21 G


 
9.DG.45. Foshagite
 
Foshagite Ca4(SiO3)3(OH)2 mon. G


 
9.DG.50. Xonotlite
 
Xonotlite Ca6Si6O17(OH)2 mon. G


 
9.DG.55. Jennite
 
Jennite Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)6·8H2O tric., P1 IMA 1965-021


 
9.DG.60. Umbite group
 
Kamenevite K2Ti(Si3O9)·H2O orth., P212121 IMA 2017-021
Umbite K2Zr(Si3O9)·H2O orth. IMA 1982-006
Paraumbite K3Zr2H(Si3O9)2·3H2O orth. IMA 1982-007


 
9.DG.65. Sørensenite
 
Sørensenite Na4Be2Sn(Si3O9)2·2H2O mon., B2/b IMA 1965-006

Sørensenite contains 3-periodic single-chains (Dreier-Einfach chains) parallel to the b axis.


 
9.DG.70. Oyelite
 
Oyelite Ca5[BSi2O7(OH)2][Si2O6(OH)]·4H2O IMA 1980-103

Oyelite contains 3-periodic single borosilicate chains [BSi2O7(OH)2] and interrupted [Si2O6(OH)] chains.


 
9.DG.75. Steedeite
 
Steedeite NaMn2Si3BO9(OH)2 tric., P-1 IMA 2013-052

Steedeite contains 3-periodic loop-branched single borosilicate chains, [BSi3O9(OH) 2]5-.


 
9.DG.80. Nolzeite
 
Nolzeite NaMn2Si3BO9(OH)2·2H2O tric., P-1 IMA 2014-086

Nolzeite contains 3-periodic loop-branched single borosilicate chains, [BSi3O9(OH) 2]5-.



 
 
9.DH. Inosilicates with 3-periodic multiple chains
 
9.DH.05. Zorite group
 
Zorite Na6Ti5(Si6O17)2(O,OH)5·11H2O orth., Cmmm IMA 1972-011
Chivruaiite Ca4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(O,OH)5·13-14H2O orth., Cmmm IMA 2004-052
Haineaultite (Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8·5H2O orth., C222 IMA 1997-015
Escheite Ca2NaMnTi5(Si6O17)2O2(OH)3·12H2O orth., Ama2 IMA 2018-099

The minerals of the zorite group contain 3-periodic double chains of SiO4-tetrahedra.


 
9.DH.10. Epididymite
 
Epididymite Na2Be2(Si6O15)·H2O orth., Pnma FOTO G


 
9.DH.15. Eudidymite
 
Eudidymite Na2Be2(Si6O15)·H2O orth., B2/b FOTO G


 
9.DH.20. Elpidite group
 
Elpidite Na2Zr(Si6O15)·3H2O orth., Pbm2 G
Yusupovite Na2Zr(Si6O15)·3H2O mon., C2/m IMA 2014-022


 
9.DH.25. Yangite
 
Yangite PbMnSi3O8·H2O tric., P-1 IMA 2012-052

Yangite contains double-connected, 3-periodic double chains of SiO4-tetrahedra.


 
9.DH.30. Patynite
 
Patynite NaK(Si9O23) tric., P-1 IMA 2019-018

Patynite contains 3-periodic triple chains of SiO4-tetrahedra.


 
9.DH.35. Litidionite group
 
Manaksite KNaMn2+(Si4O10) tric., P1 IMA 1990-024
Fenaksite KNaFe2+(Si4O10) tric., P1 A
Litidionite KNaCu(Si4O10) tric., P1 Rn
Calcinaksite KNaCa(Si4O10)·H2O tric., P1 IMA 2013-081

The minerals of the litidionite group contain infinite tubes [Si8O20]8- parallel a.


 
9.DH.40. Tinaksite group
 
Tinaksite K2NaCa2TiSi7O18(OH)O tric., P1 FOTO A
Tokkoite K2Ca4Si7O18(OH)F tric., P1 IMA 1985-009
Senkevichite CsNaKCa2TiSi7O18(OH)O tric., P1 IMA 2004-017


 
9.DH.45. Canasite group
 
Canasite K3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4 tric., P1 A
Fluorcanasite K3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 mon., Cm IMA 2007-031


 
9.DH.50. Miserite
 
Miserite K1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5[Si6O15][Si2O7](OH,F)2·yH2O tric., P1 G


 
9.DH.55. Frankamenite
 
Frankamenite K3Na3Ca5Si12O30(F,OH)4·H2O tric., P1 FOTO IMA 1994-050


 
9.DH.60. Denisovite
 
Denisovite Na14Ca42Na6[Si60(O,OH)162]F16(O,OH)8·2H2O mon, P2/a FOTO IMA 1982-031

Denisovite contains two xonotlite-like dreier double chains, [Si6O17]10-, and a tubular loop-branched dreier-triple chain, [Si12O30]12-, running parallel to the z-axis. Structure and new formula according to Rozhdestvenskaya et al. (2017).


 
9.DH.65. Charoite
 
Charoite (K,Sr,Ba,Mn)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4·nH2O
mon., P21/m FOTO IMA 1977-019


 
9.DH.70. Yuksporite
 
Yuksporite K4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3
mon., P2/m G


 
9.DH.75. Eveslogite
 
Eveslogite (Ca,K,Na,Sr,Ba)48(Ti,Nb,Fe,Mn)12(OH)12Si48O144(OH,F,Cl)14
mon. IMA 2001-023



 
 
9.DJ. Inosilicates with 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12
 
9.DJ.05. Yegorovite
 
Yegorovite Na4[Si4O8(OH)4]·7H2O mon., P24/b IMA 2008-033


 
9.DJ.10. Leucophanite
 
Leucophanite NaCaBeSi2O6F G


 
9.DJ.15. Ohmilite
 
Ohmilite Sr3(Ti,Fe3+)(Si2O6)2(O,OH)·2H2O IMA 1974-031
Yuzuxiangite Sr3Fe3+(Si2O6)2(OH)·3H2O mon., P21/m IMA 2020-084


 
9.DJ.20. Haradaite group
 
Haradaite SrV4+Si2O7 IMA 1963-011
Suzukiite BaV4+Si2O7 IMA 1978-005


 
9.DJ.25. Bavsiite
 
Bavsiite BaV4+Si2O7 tetr. IMA 2014-019


 
9.DJ.30. Batisite group
 
Batisite Na2BaTi2O2(Si2O6)2 A
Noonkanbahite NaKBaTi2O2(Si2O6)2 orth. FOTO IMA 2009-059
Shcherbakovite K2NaTi2O(OH)(Si2O6)2 G


 
9.DJ.35. Taikanite
 
Taikanite BaSr2Mn2O2(Si2O6) IMA 1984-051


 
9.DJ.40. Krauskopfite
 
Krauskopfite BaSi2O5·3H2O IMA 1964-008


 
9.DJ.45. Gageite group
 
Balangeroite MgSi8O27(OH)20 IMA 1982-002
Gageite Mn2+Si8O27(OH)20 G


 
9.DJ.50. Sapphirine group [Sapphirinie supergroup]
 
Sapphirine Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] G
Khmaralite Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si5Be2Al5O36] IMA 1998-027

The minerals of the sapphirine supergroup contain branched 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12 + 2 SiO3. Si in the tetrahedra can be replaced by Al, Fe, B, Be.


 
9.DJ.55. Aenigmatite group [Sapphirinie supergroup]
 
Aenigmatite Na4(Fe2+10Ti2)O4[Si12O36] A
Wilkinsonite Na4(Fe2+8Fe3+4)O4[Si12O36] IMA 1988-053
Krinovite Na4(Mg8Cr3+4)O4[Si12O36] IMA 1967-016


 
9.DJ.60. Rhönite group [Sapphirinie supergroup]
 
Louisfuchsite Ca4(Mg8Ti4)O4[Si4Al8O36] tric., P-1 IMA 2022-024
Rhönite Ca4(Mg8Fe3+2Ti2)O4[Si6Al6O36] Rn
Kuratite Ca4(Fe2+10Ti2)O4[Si8Al4O36] tric. IMA 2013-109
Makarochkinite Ca4(Fe2+8Fe3+2Ti2)O4[Si8Be2Al2O36] IMA 2002-009a
Høgtuvaite Ca4(Fe2+6Fe3+6)O4[Si8Be2Al2O36] IMA 1990-051
Dorrite Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4[Si3Al8Fe3+O36] IMA 1987-054
Serendibite Ca4(Mg6Al6)O4[Si6B3Al3O36] G
Welshite Ca4(Mg9Sb5+3)O4[Si6Be3AlFe3+2O36] IMA 1973-019
Khesinite Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4[Fe3+9Si3O36] tric. IMA 2014-033
Devilliersite Ca4Ca2Fe3+10O4[Fe3+10Si2O36] tric., P-1 IMA 2020-073


 
9.DJ.65. Surinamite [Sapphirinie supergroup]
 
Surinamite Mg3Al3O[Si3BeAlO15] IMA 1974-053


 
9.DJ.70. Terskite
 
Terskite Na4Zr(H4Si6O18) orth., Pnc2 IMA 1982-039
Hydroterskite Na2ZrSi6O12(OH)6 orth., Pnca IMA 2015-042

Terskite contains branched 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12 + 2 SiO3.


 
9.DJ.75. Deerite
 
Deerite Fe2+6Fe3+3(Si6O17)O3(OH)5 IMA 1964-016


 
9.DJ.80. Howieite
 
Howieite Na(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al,Mg)12(Si6O17)2(O,OH)10 IMA 1964-017
Taneyamalite (Na,Ca)Mn2+12(Si,Al)12(O,OH)44 IMA 1977-042


 
9.DJ.85. Johninnesite
 
Johninnesite Na2Mn2+9Mg7(AsO4)2(Si6O17)2(OH)8 IMA 1985-046



 
 
9.DK. Inosilicates with 4-periodic double and triple chains
 
9.DK.05. Narsarsukite
 
Narsarsukite Na2(Ti,Fe3+)Si4(O,F)11 A


 
9.DK.10. Laplandite-(Ce)
 
Laplandite-(Ce) Na4CeTiPSi7O22·5H2O IMA 1974-005


 
9.DK.15. Caysichite-(Y)
 
Caysichite-(Y) (Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20(CO3)6(OH)·7H2O IMA 1973-044


 
9.DK.20. Seidite-(Ce)
 
Seidite-(Ce) Na4(Ce,Sr)2TiSi8O18(O,OH,F)6·5H2O IMA 1993-029


 
9.DK.25. Carlosturanite
 
Carlosturanite (Mg,Fe,Ti)21(Si,Al)12O28(OH)34·H2O IMA 1984-009


 
9.DK.30. Jonesite
 
Jonesite KBa2Ti2(Si5Al)O18·nH2O IMA 1976-040


 
9.DK.35. Agrellite
 
Agrellite NaCa2Si4O10F tric., P1 IMA 1973-032

Agrellite contains 4-periodic branched chains, polymerized to double-chains forming infinite hollow tubes [Si8O20]8-n, running parallel to the c axis.



 
 
9.DL. Inosilicates with 5-periodic single chains
 
9.DL.05. Rhodonite group
 
Vittinkiite MnMn3Mn(Si5O15) tric., P1 IMA 2017-082a
Rhodonite CaMn3Mn(Si5O15) tric., P1 FOTO Rd
Ferrorhodonite CaMn3Fe(Si5O15) tric., P1 IMA 2016-016
Nambulite LiMn4(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 IMA 1971-031
Lithiomarsturite LiCaMn2Mn2(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 IMA 1988-035
Marsturite NaCaMn2Mn2(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 IMA 1977-047
Natronambulite NaMn4(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 IMA 1981-034
Babingtonite Ca2Fe2+Fe3+(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 FOTO G
Manganbabingtonite Ca2Mn2+Fe3+(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 A
Scandiobabingtonite (Ca,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn)(Sc,Fe3+)(Si5O14OH) tric., P1 IMA 1993-012


 
9.DL.10. Santaclaraite
 
Santaclaraite CaMn2+4Mn2Si5O14(OH)2·H2O IMA 1979-005


 
9.DL.15. Saneroite
 
Braccoite NaMn2+5(Si5As5+O17OH)(OH) P1 IMA 2013-093
Saneroite NaMn2+5(Si5V5+O17OH)(OH) FOTO IMA 1979-060


 
9.DL.20. Hellandite group
 
Hellandite-(Ce) (Ca,REE)4Ce2Al(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 A
Ferri-Hellandite-(Ce) (Ca4Ce)Ce2Al(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 mon., P2/a IMA 2020-085
Hellandite-(Y) (Ca,REE)4Y2Al(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 A
Tadzhikite-(Ce) Ca4Ce2Ti(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 Rn
Ciprianiite Ca4(ThCa)Al(Be0.51.5)(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 Rd
Mottanaite-(Ce) Ca4Ce2Al(Be1.50.5)(B4Si4O22)O2 IMA 2001-020, Rd
Ferrimottanaite-(Ce) Ca4Ce2Fe3+(Be1.50.5)(B4Si4O22)O2 IMA 2017-087a



 
 
9.DM. Inosilicates with 5-periodic double chains
 
9.DM.05. Inesite
 
Inesite Ca2Mn2+7Si10O28(OH)2·5H2O G


 
9.DM.10. Piergorite-(Ce)
 
Piergorite-(Ce) Ca8Ce2AlLiSi6B8O36(OH)2 IMA 2005-008



 
 
9.DN. Inosilicates with 6-periodic single chains
 
9.DN.05. Stokesite
 
Stokesite CaSnSi3O9·2H2O G


 
9.DN.10. Hilairite group
 
Hilairite Na2ZrSi3O9·3H2O IMA 1972-019
Calciohilairite CaZrSi3O9·3H2O IMA 1984-023
Komkovite BaZrSi3O9·3H2O IMA 1988-032
Pyatenkoite-(Y) Na5YTiSi6O18·6H2O IMA 1995-034
Sazykinaite-(Y) Na5YZrSi6O18·6H2O FOTO IMA 1992-031


 
9.DN.15. Gaidonnayite group
 
Gaidonnayite Na2ZrSi3O9·2H2O IMA 1973-008
Goergechaoite NaKZrSi3O9·2H2O IMA 1984-024


 
9.DN.20. Chkalovite
 
Chkalovite Na2BeSi2O6 G


 
9.DN.25. Vlasovite
 
Vlasovite Na4ZrSi4O11 A


 
9.DN.30. Revdite
 
Revdite Na16Si16O27(OH)26·28H2O IMA 1979-082


 
9.DN.35. Kesebolite-(Ce)
 
Kesebolite-(Ce) CeCa2Mn(AsO4)(SiO3)3 mon., P21/c IMA 2019-097


 
9.DN.40. Scheuchzerite
 
Scheuchzerite NaMn2+9Si9V5+O28(OH)4 IMA 2004-044



 
 
9.DO. Inosilicates with 6-periodic double chains
 
9.DO.05. Tuhualite group
 
Tuhualite NaFe2+Fe3+Si6O15 G
Emeleusite Na2LiFe3+Si6O15 IMA 1977-021
Zektzerite NaLiZrSi6O15 IMA 1976-034


 
9.DO.10. Ashcroftine-(Y)
 
Ashcroftine-(Y) K5Na5Y12Si28O70(OH)2(CO3)8·8H2O A



 
 
9.DP. Inosilicates with 7-, 8-, 10-, 12- and 14-periodic chains
 
9.DP.05. Pyroxmangite group
 
Pyroxmangite Mn2+SiO3 G
Pyroxferroite Fe2+SiO3 IMA 1970-001


 
9.DP.10. Pellyite
 
Pellyite Ba2CaFe2+2Si6O17 IMA 1970-035


 
9.DP.15. Nordite group [Nordite supergroup]
 
Manganonordite-(Ce) Na3SrCeMn2+Si6O17 orth., Pcca IMA 1997-008
Ferronordite-(La) Na3SrLaFe2+Si6O17 orth., Pcca IMA 2000-015
Ferronordite-(Ce) Na3SrCeFe2+Si6O17 orth., Pcca IMA 1997-008
Nordite-(La) Na3SrLaZnSi6O17 orth., Pcca Rn
Nordite-(Ce) Na3SrCeZnSi6O17 orth., Pcca Rn
Illoqite-(Ce) Na3BaCeZnSi6O17 orth., Pcca Rn


 
9.DP.20. Meieranite [Nordite supergroup]
 
Meieranite Na2Sr3MgSi6O17 orth., P21nb IMA 2015-009


 
9.DP.25. Alamosite
 
Alamosite PbSiO3 G


 
9.DP.30. Liebauite
 
Liebauite Ca3Cu5Si9O26 IMA 1990-040



 
 
9.DQ. Transitional Ino-Phyllosilicate structures
 
9.DQ.05. Meliphanite
 
Meliphanite Ca4(Na,K)4Be4AlSi7O24(F,O)4 G


 
9.DQ.10. Leucosphenite
 
Leucosphenite Na4BaTi2B2Si10O30 G


 
9.DQ.15. Prehnite group
 
Prehnite Ca2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 G
Ferriprehnite Ca2Fe(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 orth., Pma2 IMA 2020-057


 
9.DQ.20. Amstallite
 
Amstallite CaAl[(Al,Si)4O8(OH)2](OH)2(H2O,Cl) IMA 1986-030


 
9.DQ.25. Kvanefjeldite
 
Kvanefjeldite Na4CaSi6O14(OH)2 IMA 1982-079


 
9.DQ.30. Lemoynite group
 
Lemoynite Na2CaZr2Si10O26·5-6H2O IMA 1968-013
Natrolemoynite Na4Zr2Si10O26·9H2O IMA 1996-063
Hogarthite (Na,K)2CaTi2Si10O26·8H2O mon., C2/m IMA 2009-043


 
9.DQ.35. Altisite
 
Altisite Na3K6Ti2Al2Si8O26Cl3 IMA 1993-055



 
 
9.DR. Modular Inosilicate-Sorosilicate structures
 
9.DR.05. Fukalite
 
Fukalite Ca4Si2O6(CO3)(OH)2 IMA 1976-003



 
 

G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and generally regarded as a valid species
A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC
Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC
Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC
Q = Questionable mineral


© Thomas Witzke (2022)


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