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MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE based on E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001), revised by Thomas Witzke (2023) 2. SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides, Antimonides, Bismuthides, Sulfarsenites, Sulfantimonites, Sulfbismuthites, etc.) 2.K: Specific Tl(Pb) and Hg sulfosalts | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KA. Structures with SnS layers (with or without additional layers) | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KA.005. Hutchinsonite group (Hutchinsonite merotypic series) | ||||||||||||||||||
Hutchinsonite | TlAs5S9 | orth., Pbca | FOTO | G | ||||||||||||||
Bernardite | TlAs5S8 | mon., P21/c | IMA 1987-052 | |||||||||||||||
2.KA.010. Edenharterite group (Hutchinsonite merotypic series) | ||||||||||||||||||
Edenharterite | TlPbAs3S6 | orth., Fdd2 | IMA 1987-026 | |||||||||||||||
Jentschite | TlPbAs2SbS6 | mon., P21/n | IMA 1993-025 | |||||||||||||||
2.KA.015. Imhofite (Hutchinsonite merotypic series) | ||||||||||||||||||
Imhofite | Tl5.8As15.4S26 | mon., P21/n | FOTO | A | ||||||||||||||
2.KA.20. Gillulyite (Hutchinsonite merotypic series) | ||||||||||||||||||
Gillulyite | Tl2As7.5Sb0.3S13 | mon., P2/n | IMA 1989-029 | |||||||||||||||
2.KA.025. Rebulite group | ||||||||||||||||||
Rebulite | Tl5Sb5As8S22 | mon., P21/c | Rd | |||||||||||||||
Jankovičite | Tl5Sb9As4S22 | tric., P1 | IMA 1993-050 | |||||||||||||||
Rebulite and Jankovičite: 3-component layer structures, with one polyhedron thick layers, which simulate the (210) layers of the SnS archetype and have the composition TlAs2(As,Sb)S4 (including shared S atomes with neighboring layers) (Makovicky, 2018). The structures of Rebulite and Jankovičite are very closely related, but the minerals are not exactly isostructural (plesiotypic structures). | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KA.030. Sicherite | ||||||||||||||||||
Sicherite | TlAg2(As,Sb)3S6 | orth., Pmnb | IMA 1997-051 | |||||||||||||||
Sicherite: composed of slices of SnS-like structure cut out parallel to (101)SnS and (101)SnS which are related by unit-cell twinning, arranged parallel to (010) of sicherite. Adjacent slices are interconnected via coordination polyhedra of Tl and Ag which form a very distorted PbS-like array (Graeser et al., 2001). | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KA.035. Tsygankoite | ||||||||||||||||||
Tsygankoite | Tl8Hg2Mn8(Sb21Pb2Tl)S48 | mon., C2/c | IMA 2002-053 | |||||||||||||||
Tsygankoite: SnS based complex layers alternate with PbS-like layers (Makovicky, 2018). | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KA.040. Pokhodyashinite | ||||||||||||||||||
Pokhodyashinite | Cu2Tl3Sb5As2S13 | tric., P1 | IMA 2019-130 | |||||||||||||||
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2.KB. Layered structures, with Tl layers | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KB.005. Erniggliite | ||||||||||||||||||
Erniggliite | SnTl2As2S6 | trig., P3 | IMA 1987-025 | |||||||||||||||
Erniggliite: composed of two types of (001) layers: (a) the compact layers of inwards oriented isolated As3+S3 coordination pyramids combined with SnS6 octahedra, which are separated by planar sheets of S from pure (b) Tl layers (Makovicky, 2018). | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KB.010. Gabrielite | ||||||||||||||||||
Gabrielite | Tl2AgCu2As3S7 | tric., P1 | IMA 2002-053 | |||||||||||||||
Gabrielite: composed of three types of (001) slabs alternating in a complex sequence. They share well defined sulfur sheets on their boundaries, which for the thickest slab also occur in its interior. The thickest slabs contain aggregates of As(Sb) coordination polyhedra with some Tl in interspaces. In the second slab type thallium alone fills the space between sulfur sheets. On all boundaries, these two slab types are separated by another slab, consisting of triangularly and tetrahedrally coordinated, mostly mixed copper-silver sites (Makovicky, 2018). | ||||||||||||||||||
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2.KC. Other structures | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KC.005. Gungerite | ||||||||||||||||||
Gungerite | TlAs5Sb4S13 | orth., Pbcn | IMA 2020-009 | |||||||||||||||
2.KC.010. Spaltiite | ||||||||||||||||||
Spaltiite | Tl2Cu2As2S5 | mon., P21/c | IMA 2014-012 | |||||||||||||||
2.KC.015. Raberite | ||||||||||||||||||
Raberit | Tl5Ag4As6SbS15 | tric., P1 | IMA 2012-017 | |||||||||||||||
2.KC.020. Simonite | ||||||||||||||||||
Simonite | TlHgAs3S6 | mon., P21/n | IMA 1982-052 | |||||||||||||||
Simonite: AsS3 coordination pyramids form infinite six-member AsS2 chains parallel to [101] of simonite. The chains are separated by interspaces hosting Tl and Hg. | ||||||||||||||||||
2.KC.025. Vaughanite | ||||||||||||||||||
Vaughanite | TlHgSb4S7 | tric., P1 or P1 | IMA 1987-055 | |||||||||||||||
2.KC.030. Vrbaite | ||||||||||||||||||
Vrbaite | Tl4Hg3As8Sb2S20 | orth., Cc2a | FOTO | G | ||||||||||||||
2.KC.035. Daliranite | ||||||||||||||||||
Daliranite | PbHgAs2S5 | orth., Pnma | IMA 2007-010 | |||||||||||||||
Daliranite: Originally reported as PbHgAs2S6. Incommensurately modulated structure, built from columns of face-sharing PbS8 bicapped trigonal prisms laterally connected by [2+4]Hg polyhedra and (As3+2S5)4- groups (Lanza et al., 2019). | ||||||||||||||||||
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G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and generally regarded as a valid species A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC Q = Questionable mineral Classification principles: Subdivision of the Sulfide etc. subclass "2.K: Specific Tl(Pb) and Hg sulfosalts " is different from Strunz 9, and was adapted from the sulfosalt systematics in Moëlo et al. (2008) and modified, new: 2.KA Structures with SnS layers (with or without additional layers); 2.KB Layered structures, with Tl layers; 2.KC Other structures. Further classification:
Based on Moëlo, Y. et al. (2008): Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy.- Eur. J. Mineral. 20, 7-46, Makovicky, E. (2018): Modular Crystal Chemistry of Thallium Sulfosalts.- Minerals 8, 478 ff. adapted to the Strunz 9 classification structure, new discovered minerals added. To distinguish from classical Strunz numbering, on hierarchical "group" level, a numbering with 3 digits is used, like "2.KA.005. Hutchinsonite group", instead of 2 digits (like "2.KA.05.") in the Strunz system. © Thomas Witzke (2022) |
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