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MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE

           based on E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001),
           revised by Thomas Witzke (2023)



2. SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS
(Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides, Antimonides, Bismuthides, Sulfarsenites, Sulfantimonites, Sulfbismuthites, etc.)


2.K: Specific Tl(Pb) and Hg sulfosalts


2.KA. Structures with SnS layers (with or without additional layers)
 
2.KA.005. Hutchinsonite group (Hutchinsonite merotypic series)
 
Hutchinsonite TlAs5S9 orth., Pbca FOTO G
Bernardite TlAs5S8 mon., P21/c IMA 1987-052


 
2.KA.010. Edenharterite group (Hutchinsonite merotypic series)
 
Edenharterite TlPbAs3S6 orth., Fdd2 IMA 1987-026
Jentschite TlPbAs2SbS6 mon., P21/n IMA 1993-025


 
2.KA.015. Imhofite (Hutchinsonite merotypic series)
 
Imhofite Tl5.8As15.4S26 mon., P21/n FOTO A


 
2.KA.20. Gillulyite (Hutchinsonite merotypic series)
 
Gillulyite Tl2As7.5Sb0.3S13 mon., P2/n IMA 1989-029


 
2.KA.025. Rebulite group
 
Rebulite Tl5Sb5As8S22 mon., P21/c Rd
Jankovičite Tl5Sb9As4S22 tric., P1 IMA 1993-050

Rebulite and Jankovičite: 3-component layer structures, with one polyhedron thick layers, which simulate the (210) layers of the SnS archetype and have the composition TlAs2(As,Sb)S4 (including shared S atomes with neighboring layers) (Makovicky, 2018). The structures of Rebulite and Jankovičite are very closely related, but the minerals are not exactly isostructural (plesiotypic structures).


 
2.KA.030. Sicherite
 
Sicherite TlAg2(As,Sb)3S6 orth., Pmnb IMA 1997-051

Sicherite: composed of slices of SnS-like structure cut out parallel to (101)SnS and (101)SnS which are related by unit-cell twinning, arranged parallel to (010) of sicherite. Adjacent slices are interconnected via coordination polyhedra of Tl and Ag which form a very distorted PbS-like array (Graeser et al., 2001).


 
2.KA.035. Tsygankoite
 
Tsygankoite Tl8Hg2Mn8(Sb21Pb2Tl)S48 mon., C2/c IMA 2002-053

Tsygankoite: SnS based complex layers alternate with PbS-like layers (Makovicky, 2018).


 
2.KA.040. Pokhodyashinite
 
Pokhodyashinite Cu2Tl3Sb5As2S13 tric., P1 IMA 2019-130



 
 
2.KB. Layered structures, with Tl layers
 
2.KB.005. Erniggliite
 
Erniggliite SnTl2As2S6 trig., P3 IMA 1987-025

Erniggliite: composed of two types of (001) layers: (a) the compact layers of inwards oriented isolated As3+S3 coordination pyramids combined with SnS6 octahedra, which are separated by planar sheets of S from pure (b) Tl layers (Makovicky, 2018).


 
2.KB.010. Gabrielite
 
Gabrielite Tl2AgCu2As3S7 tric., P1 IMA 2002-053

Gabrielite: composed of three types of (001) slabs alternating in a complex sequence. They share well defined sulfur sheets on their boundaries, which for the thickest slab also occur in its interior. The thickest slabs contain aggregates of As(Sb) coordination polyhedra with some Tl in interspaces. In the second slab type thallium alone fills the space between sulfur sheets. On all boundaries, these two slab types are separated by another slab, consisting of triangularly and tetrahedrally coordinated, mostly mixed copper-silver sites (Makovicky, 2018).



 
 
2.KC. Other structures
 
2.KC.005. Gungerite
 
Gungerite TlAs5Sb4S13 orth., Pbcn IMA 2020-009


 
2.KC.010. Spaltiite
 
Spaltiite Tl2Cu2As2S5 mon., P21/c IMA 2014-012


 
2.KC.015. Raberite
 
Raberit Tl5Ag4As6SbS15 tric., P1 IMA 2012-017


 
2.KC.020. Simonite
 
Simonite TlHgAs3S6 mon., P21/n IMA 1982-052

Simonite: AsS3 coordination pyramids form infinite six-member AsS2 chains parallel to [101] of simonite. The chains are separated by interspaces hosting Tl and Hg.


 
2.KC.025. Vaughanite
 
Vaughanite TlHgSb4S7 tric., P1 or P1 IMA 1987-055


 
2.KC.030. Vrbaite
 
Vrbaite Tl4Hg3As8Sb2S20 orth., Cc2a FOTO G


 
2.KC.035. Daliranite
 
Daliranite PbHgAs2S5 orth., Pnma IMA 2007-010

Daliranite: Originally reported as PbHgAs2S6. Incommensurately modulated structure, built from columns of face-sharing PbS8 bicapped trigonal prisms laterally connected by [2+4]Hg polyhedra and (As3+2S5)4- groups (Lanza et al., 2019).






 
 

G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and generally regarded as a valid species
A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC
Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC
Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC
Q = Questionable mineral



Classification principles:
Subdivision of the Sulfide etc. subclass "2.K: Specific Tl(Pb) and Hg sulfosalts " is different from Strunz 9, and was adapted from the sulfosalt systematics in Moëlo et al. (2008) and modified, new: 2.KA Structures with SnS layers (with or without additional layers); 2.KB Layered structures, with Tl layers; 2.KC Other structures.

Further classification:
2.KA. Structures with SnS layers (with or without additional layers): Modified order according to Moëlo et al. (2008): Hutchinsonite merotypic series; other structures with SnS motive layers.
2.KB.: Layered structures, with Tl layers: ...
2.KC.: Other structures: ...




Based on
Moëlo, Y. et al. (2008): Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy.- Eur. J. Mineral. 20, 7-46,
Makovicky, E. (2018): Modular Crystal Chemistry of Thallium Sulfosalts.- Minerals 8, 478 ff.
adapted to the Strunz 9 classification structure,
new discovered minerals added.

To distinguish from classical Strunz numbering, on hierarchical "group" level, a numbering with 3 digits is used, like "2.KA.005. Hutchinsonite group", instead of 2 digits (like "2.KA.05.") in the Strunz system.


© Thomas Witzke (2022)


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